Results for 'Matthew A. Baum'

966 found
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  1.  61
    Soft News and Foreign Policy: How Expanding the Audience Changes the Policies.Matthew A. Baum - 2007 - Japanese Journal of Political Science 8 (1):115-145.
    Since the 1980s, the mass media have changed the way they cover major political stories, like foreign policy crises. As a consequence, what the public learns about these events has changed. More media outlets cover major events than in the past, including the entertainment-oriented soft news media. When they do cover a political story, soft news outlets focus more on than traditional news media and less on the political or strategic context, or substantive nuances, of policy debates. Many Americans who (...)
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  2.  43
    Returning Individual Research Results from Digital Phenotyping in Psychiatry.Francis X. Shen, Matthew L. Baum, Nicole Martinez-Martin, Adam S. Miner, Melissa Abraham, Catherine A. Brownstein, Nathan Cortez, Barbara J. Evans, Laura T. Germine, David C. Glahn, Christine Grady, Ingrid A. Holm, Elisa A. Hurley, Sara Kimble, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz, Kimberlyn Leary, Mason Marks, Patrick J. Monette, Jukka-Pekka Onnela, P. Pearl O’Rourke, Scott L. Rauch, Carmel Shachar, Srijan Sen, Ipsit Vahia, Jason L. Vassy, Justin T. Baker, Barbara E. Bierer & Benjamin C. Silverman - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (2):69-90.
    Psychiatry is rapidly adopting digital phenotyping and artificial intelligence/machine learning tools to study mental illness based on tracking participants’ locations, online activity, phone and text message usage, heart rate, sleep, physical activity, and more. Existing ethical frameworks for return of individual research results (IRRs) are inadequate to guide researchers for when, if, and how to return this unprecedented number of potentially sensitive results about each participant’s real-world behavior. To address this gap, we convened an interdisciplinary expert working group, supported by (...)
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  3.  24
    Matthew A. Baum, Soft News Goes To War, Princeton University Press, 2003, 343 pp., $49.95, ISBN 0-691-11586–9. [REVIEW]Mark C. Hollstein - 2005 - Japanese Journal of Political Science 6 (3):443-444.
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  4. The Monoamine Oxidase A (MAOA) Genetic Predisposition to Impulsive Violence: Is It Relevant to Criminal Trials?Matthew L. Baum - 2011 - Neuroethics 6 (2):287-306.
    In Italy, a judge reduced the sentence of a defendant by 1 year in response to evidence for a genetic predisposition to violence. The best characterized of these genetic differences, those in the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), were cited as especially relevant. Several months previously in the USA, MAOA data contributed to a jury reducing charges from 1st degree murder (a capital offence) to voluntary manslaughter. Is there a rational basis for this type of use of MAOA evidence in criminal (...)
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  5.  28
    Duties toward Patients with Psychiatric Illness.Rachel C. Conrad, Matthew L. Baum, Sejal B. Shah, Nomi C. Levy-Carrick, Jhilam Biswas, Naomi A. Schmelzer & David Silbersweig - 2020 - Hastings Center Report 50 (3):67-69.
    Patients with psychiatric illness feel the brunt of the intersection of many of our society's and our health care system's disparities, and the vulnerability of this population during the Covid‐19 pandemic cannot be overstated. Patients with psychiatric illness often suffer from the stigma of mental illness and receive poor medical care. Many patients with severe and persistent mental illness face additional barriers, including poverty, marginal housing, and food insecurity. Patients who require psychiatric hospitalization now face the risk of transmission of (...)
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  6.  28
    The metastatic cancer cell cortex: An adaptation to enhance robust cell division in novel environments?Helen K. Matthews & Buzz Baum - 2012 - Bioessays 34 (12):1017-1020.
    Graphical AbstractTo metastasize, cancer cells must be able to complete cell division in environments very different from their tissue of origin. We suggest that mitotic cell rounding, aided by several actin-regulatory oncogenes, may facilitate this process in a robust, context-independent manner.
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  7.  54
    Nudge Ethics: Just a Game of Billiards?Caroline J. Huang & Matthew L. Baum - 2012 - American Journal of Bioethics 12 (2):22-24.
    The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 12, Issue 2, Page 22-24, February 2012.
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  8.  28
    The science of fake news.David Lazer, Matthew Baum, Yochai Benkler, Adam Berinsky, Kelly Greenhill, Filippo Menczer, Miriam Metzger, Brendan Nyhan, Gordon Pennycook, David Rothschild, Michael Schudson, Steven Sloman, Cass Sunstein, Emily Thorson, Duncan Watts & Jonathan Zittrain - 2018 - Science 359 (6380):1094-1096.
    Addressing fake news requires a multidisciplinary effort The rise of fake news highlights the erosion of long-standing institutional bulwarks against misinformation in the internet age. Concern over the problem is global. However, much remains unknown regarding the vulnerabilities of individuals, institutions, and society to manipulations by malicious actors. A new system of safeguards is needed. Below, we discuss extant social and computer science research regarding belief in fake news and the mechanisms by which it spreads. Fake news has a long (...)
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  9.  36
    A Rational Basis for Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer.Caroline J. Huang & Matthew L. Baum - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (12):27-29.
    The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 11, Issue 12, Page 27-29, December 2011.
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  10.  21
    How the COVID-19 Pandemic Affected the Accessibility and Quality of Health Services in Poland.Ewa Baum, Arkadiusz Nowak, Maja Matthews-Kozanecka & Magdalena Tuczyńska - 2021 - Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 66 (3):561-572.
    The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the global economy, including the provision of health services, with medical facilities and patients cancelling or postponing medical appointments. An alternative to in-person appointments was through the available forms of telemedicine. Scientific reports around the world have suggested that the accessibility and quality of health services declined. The aim of this study was to investigate the accessibility and quality of health services in Poland and to verify whether there were differences (...)
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  11. Leora Batnitzky. Idolatry and Representation: The Philosophy of Franz Rosenzweig Reconsidered (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2009), x+ 281 pp. $23.95/£ 16.95 paper. Matthew A. Baum and Tim J. Groeling. War Stories: The Causes and Consequences of Public Views of War (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2010), xviii+ 329 pp. [REVIEW]Raymond Fisman, Edward Miguel Economic Gangsters & Violence Corruption - 2011 - The European Legacy 16 (1):143-145.
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  12.  24
    Incidental Findings from Deep Phenotyping Research in Psychiatry: Legal and Ethical Considerations.Amanda Kim, Michael Hsu, Amanda Koire & Matthew L. Baum - 2022 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 31 (4):482-486.
    Substantial advancement in the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders may come from assembling diverse data streams from clinical notes, neuroimaging, genetics, and real-time digital footprints from smartphones and wearable devices. This is called “deep phenotyping” and often involves machine learning. We argue that incidental findings arising in deep phenotyping research have certain special, morally and legally salient features: They are specific, actionable, numerous, and probabilistic. We consider ethical and legal implications of these features and propose a practical ethics strategy (...)
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  13. Consciousness and Life.Gareth B. Matthews - 1977 - Philosophy 52 (199):13-26.
    In L. Frank Baum's story, Ozma of Oz, which is a sequel to Baum's much more famous story, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Dorothy and her companion come upon a wound-down mechanical man bearing a label on which are printed the following words: Smith and Tinker's Patent Double-Action, Extra-Responsive, Thought-Creating Perfect-Talking MECHANICAL MAN Fitted with our Special Clock-Work Attachment Thinks, Speaks, Acts, and Does Everything but Live As Dorothy and her companion are made to discover when they wind (...)
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  14.  72
    Philosophical adventures in the lands of oz and ev.Gareth B. Matthews - 2009 - Journal of Aesthetic Education 43 (2):pp. 37-50.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Philosophical Adventures in the Lands of Oz and EvGareth B. Matthews (bio)Charles Dodgson, using the pen name “Lewis Carroll,” was the first author in English to write philosophical fantasy for children. In naming his first Alice book Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland,1 Lewis Carroll may have been inspired by the famous saying of Aristotle that philosophy begins in wonder. More exactly, what Aristotle said was this: “For it is owing (...)
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  15.  16
    Mechanistic modeling for the masses.Matthew A. Turner & Paul E. Smaldino - 2022 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 45.
    The generalizability crisis is compounded, or even partially caused, by a lack of specificity in psychological theories. Expanding the use of mechanistic models among psychologists is therefore important, but faces numerous hurdles. A cultural evolutionary approach can help guide and evaluate interventions to improve modeling efforts in psychology, such as developing standards and implementing them at the institutional level.
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  16. Financial independence and age: Distributive justice in the case of adult education.A. M., S. Baum & M. S. McPherson - manuscript
     
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  17. Blastomycotic extensor tenosynovitis of the hand: a case report.Matthew A. Popa, Peter Jl Jebson & Donald P. Condit - 2012 - In Zdravko Radman, The Hand. MIT Press.
     
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  18.  10
    Judeo-Christian revelation as a source of philosophical reflection according to Étienne Gilson.Matthew A. Bloomer - 2001 - Romae: Apollinare studi.
  19.  38
    A new ethical beliefs scale.Matthew A. Heller & Stephen A. Phillips - 2020 - Ethics and Behavior 30 (7):496-513.
    ABSTRACT In this paper we report the development of a scale measuring Christian ethical beliefs. Three studies refined the Christian Ethical Beliefs Scale from 63 expert-generated potential items. Studies 1 and 3 sampled undergraduate students at private, Christian colleges, and Study 2 utilized a diverse, online sample. Participants responded to an electronic survey of Likert scale items and demographic questions. Following careful assessment of reliability and validity, we present a 20-item scale divided across five factors: Divine Moral Authority, Privacy of (...)
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  20.  27
    Universes Without Us: Posthuman Cosmologies in American Literature.Matthew A. Taylor - 2013 - London: Univ of Minnesota Press.
    During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a wide variety of American writers proposed the existence of energies connecting human beings to cosmic processes. From varying points of view--scientific, philosophical, religious, and literary--they suggested that such energies would eventually result in the perfection of individual and collective bodies, assuming that assimilation into larger networks of being meant the expansion of humanity's powers and potentialities--a belief that continues to inform much posthumanist theory today. Universes without Us explores a lesser-known countertradition in (...)
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  21. Rāma of Gilead: Hindu Philosophy in The Dark Tower.Matthew A. Butkus - 2016 - In Jacob M. Held, Stephen King and Philosophy. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
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  22.  42
    (1 other version)Augustine's Theology of Time: A Trinitarian Reassessment of Confessions 11.Matthew A. Wilcoxen - 2013 - Heythrop Journal 54 (6):n/a-n/a.
  23. Neither Tortoises nor Snakes: How to Be a Conscientious Objector in the Conflict Between Foundationalism and Coherentism.Matthew A. Burstein - 2003 - Dissertation, Georgetown University
    A great deal of ink has been spilt debating the relative merits of foundationalism and coherentism in contemporary epistemology. In this dissertation, I argue that the debate itself, lively as it's been, rides atop a fundamental mistake. Careful examination of the defenses of these views indicates that both sides rest on a set of problematic presuppositions about justification and the nature of mind. More specifically, they all assume, in one form or another, that epistemic dependence must be inferential, and, as (...)
     
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  24.  18
    Greek Military Service in the Ancient Near East, 401–330 by Jeffrey Rop.Matthew A. Sears - 2020 - Classical World: A Quarterly Journal on Antiquity 113 (2):240-241.
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  25.  34
    The “phantasmodesty” of Henry Adams.Matthew A. Taylor - 2009 - Common Knowledge 15 (3):373-394.
    Written exclusively in the third-person by a narrator who repeatedly refers to “Henry Adams” as “passive,” “submissive,” and “a helpless victim” in relation to the “forces” in the world that form him, The Education of Henry Adams attenuates both author and subject by valuing environment over eponym. The critical literature on the text has focused primarily on the formal or psychological bases of such practice in order to argue that Adams is behind, and thus exempt from, the book's paradoxical self-effacements. (...)
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  26.  24
    Experimental bosonsampling in a photonic circuit.Matthew A. Broome, Alessandro Fedrizzi, Saleh Rahimi-Keshari, Justin Dove, Scott Aaronson, Timothy C. Ralph & Andrew G. White - unknown
    The extended Church-Turing thesis posits that any computable function can be calculated efficiently by a probabilistic Turing machine. If this thesis held true, the global effort to build quantum computers might ultimately be unnecessary. The thesis would however be strongly contradicted by a physical device that efficiently performs a task believed to be intractable for classical computers. BosonSampling - the sampling from a distribution of n photons undergoing some linear-optical process - is a recently developed, and experimentally accessible example of (...)
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  27.  23
    The tree of life and the rock of ages: Are we getting better at estimating phylogeny?Matthew A. Wills - 2002 - Bioessays 24 (3):203-207.
    In a recent paper,(1) palaeontologist Mike Benton claimed that our ability to reconstruct accurately the tree of Life may not have improved significantly over the last 100 years. This implies that the cladistic and molecular revolutions may have promulgated as much bad “black box” science as rigorous investigation. Benton's assessment was based on the extent to which cladograms (typically constructed with reference only to distributions of character states) convey the same narrative as the geochronological ages of fossil taxa (an independent (...)
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  28.  7
    Divine humility: God's morally perfect being.Matthew A. Wilcoxen - 2019 - Waco, Texas: Baylor University Press.
    Resources the virtue of humility as an essential divine attribute through the works of Augustine, Barth, and Katherine Sonderegger.
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  29. Assertion remains strong.Peter van Elswyk & Matthew A. Benton - 2023 - Philosophical Studies 180 (1):27-50.
    Assertion is widely regarded as an act associated with an epistemic position. To assert is to represent oneself as occupying this position and/or to be required to occupy this position. Within this approach, the most common view is that assertion is strong: the associated position is knowledge or certainty. But recent challenges to this common view present new data that are argued to be better explained by assertion being weak. Old data widely taken to support assertion being strong has also (...)
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  30.  20
    One-way avoidance acquisition as a function of intertrial interval and relative time in “safe” area.Frank A. Holloway & Morrie Baum - 1989 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 27 (5):452-454.
  31. Musical emotions in the context of narrative film.Matthew A. Bezdek & Richard J. Gerrig - 2008 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 31 (5):578-578.
    Juslin & Vll's (J&V's) discussions of evaluative conditioning and episodic memory focus on circumstances in which music becomes associated with arbitrary life events. However, analyses of film music suggest that viewers experience consistent pairings between types of music and types of narrative content. Researchers have demonstrated that the emotional content of film music has a major impact on viewers' emotional experiences of a narrative.
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  32.  12
    Clinical and Ethical Conflicts in Diagnosing and Treating Behavioral Problems in Children.Matthew A. Butkus & Matthew S. Mutchler - 2012 - Philosophical Practice: Journal of the American Philosophical Practitioners Association (American Philosophical Practitioners Association) 7 (1).
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  33.  25
    Journeys, Not Destinations: Theorizing a Process View of Supply Chain Integrity.Matthew A. Douglas, Diane A. Mollenkopf, Vincent E. Castillo, John E. Bell & Emily C. Dickey - 2021 - Journal of Business Ethics 181 (1):195-220.
    AbstractIntegrity is considered an important corporate value. Yet recent global events have highlighted the challenges firms face at living up to their stated values, especially when extended supply chain partners are involved. The concept of Supply Chain Integrity (SCI) can help firms shift focus beyond internal corporate integrity, toward supply chain integrity. Researchers and managers will benefit from an understanding of the SCI concept toward implementing SCI to better align supply chain partners with stated corporate values. This research fully develops (...)
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  34.  78
    Representing number in the real-time processing of agreement: self-paced reading evidence from Arabic.Matthew A. Tucker, Ali Idrissi & Diogo Almeida - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6:125303.
    In the processing of subject-verb agreement, non-subject plural nouns following a singular subject sometimes “attract” the agreement with the verb, despite not being grammatically licensed to do so. This phenomenon generates agreement errors in production and an increased tendency to fail to notice such errors in comprehension, thereby providing a window into the representation of grammatical number in working memory during sentence processing. Research in this topic, however, is primarily done in related languages with similar agreement systems. In order to (...)
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  35. Epistemology Personalized.Matthew A. Benton - 2017 - Philosophical Quarterly 67 (269):813-834.
    Recent epistemology has focused almost exclusively on propositional knowledge. This paper considers an underexplored area of epistemology, namely knowledge of persons: if propositional knowledge is a state of mind, consisting in a subject's attitude to a (true) proposition, the account developed here thinks of interpersonal knowledge as a state of minds, involving a subject's attitude to another (existing) subject. This kind of knowledge is distinct from propositional knowledge, but it exhibits a gradability characteristic of context-sensitivity, and admits of shifty thresholds. (...)
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  36.  15
    Confucianism: A Short Introduction. By John H. Berthrong and Evelyn Nagai Berthrong.Matthew A. Levey - 2004 - Journal of Chinese Philosophy 31 (2):301-305.
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  37.  13
    When Clark Met Diana.Matthew A. Hoffman & Sara Kolmes - 2017 - In Jacob M. Held, Wonder Woman and Philosophy. Wiley. pp. 81–90.
    In the past, Wonder Woman and Superman were depicted as good friends, but as of 2016, in New 52 Wonder Woman comic books, the Amazon princess and the man of steel are in a romantic relationship. The implication seems to be that romantically compatible people cannot be just friends. Thankfully, philosophy can help to debunk this notion and shed some light on the nature of friendship and romance as well. In consuming works of popular culture, people learn what is expected (...)
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  38. Hedged Assertion.Matthew A. Benton & Peter Van Elswyk - 2018 - In Sanford Goldberg, The Oxford Handbook of Assertion. Oxford University Press. pp. 245-263.
    Surprisingly little has been written about hedged assertion. Linguists often focus on semantic or syntactic theorizing about, for example, grammatical evidentials or epistemic modals, but pay far less attention to what hedging does at the level of action. By contrast, philosophers have focused extensively on normative issues regarding what epistemic position is required for proper assertion, yet they have almost exclusively considered unqualified declaratives. This essay considers the linguistic and normative issues side-by-side. We aim to bring some order and clarity (...)
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  39.  43
    Heidegger and von Balthasar.Matthew A. Daigler - 1995 - American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 69 (2):375-394.
  40. Knowledge, Hope, and Fallibilism.Matthew A. Benton - 2021 - Synthese 198:1673-1689.
    Hope, in its propositional construction "I hope that p," is compatible with a stated chance for the speaker that not-p. On fallibilist construals of knowledge, knowledge is compatible with a chance of being wrong, such that one can know that p even though there is an epistemic chance for one that not-p. But self-ascriptions of propositional hope that p seem to be incompatible, in some sense, with self-ascriptions of knowing whether p. Data from conjoining hope self-ascription with outright assertions, with (...)
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  41. The Epistemology of Interpersonal Relations.Matthew A. Benton - 2025 - Noûs 59 (1):92-111.
    What is it to know someone? Epistemologists rarely take up this question, though recent developments make such inquiry possible and desirable. This paper advances an account of how such interpersonal knowledge goes beyond mere propositional and qualitative knowledge about someone, giving a central place to second-personal treatment. It examines what such knowledge requires, and what makes it distinctive within epistemology as well as socially. It assesses its theoretic value for several issues in moral psychology, epistemic injustice, and philosophy of mind. (...)
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  42. Gricean Quality.Matthew A. Benton - 2016 - Noûs 50 (4):689-703.
    Some philosophers oppose recent arguments for the Knowledge Norm of Assertion by claiming that assertion, being an act much like any other, will be subject to norms governing acts generally, such as those articulated by Grice for the purpose of successful, cooperative endeavours. But in fact, Grice is a traitor to their cause; or rather, they are his dissenters, not his disciples. Drawing on Grice's unpublished papers, I show that he thought of asserting as a special linguistic act in need (...)
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  43. Knowledge is the Norm of Assertion.Matthew A. Benton - 2024 - In Blake Roeber, Ernest Sosa, Matthias Steup & John Turri, Contemporary Debates in Epistemology, 3rd edition. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 329-339.
    Assertion is governed by an epistemic norm requiring knowledge. This idea has been hotly debated in recent years, garnering attention in epistemology, philosophy of language, and linguistics. This chapter presents and extends the main arguments in favor of the knowledge norm, from faulty conjunctions, several conversational patterns, judgments of permission, excuse, and blame, and from showing how. (Paired with a chapter by Peter J. Graham and Nikolaj J. L. L. Pedersen, "Knowledge is Not Our Norm of Assertion.").
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  44. Evil and Evidence.Matthew A. Benton, John Hawthorne & Yoaav Isaacs - 2016 - Oxford Studies in Philosophy of Religion 7:1-31.
    The problem of evil is the most prominent argument against the existence of God. Skeptical theists contend that it is not a good argument. Their reasons for this contention vary widely, involving such notions as CORNEA, epistemic appearances, 'gratuitous' evils, 'levering' evidence, and the representativeness of goods. We aim to dispel some confusions about these notions, in particular by clarifying their roles within a probabilistic epistemology. In addition, we develop new responses to the problem of evil from both the phenomenal (...)
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  45.  54
    Research ethics committee audit: differences between committees.M. E. Redshaw, A. Harris & J. D. Baum - 1996 - Journal of Medical Ethics 22 (2):78-82.
    The same research proposal was submitted to 24 district health authority (DHA) research ethics committees in different parts of the country. The objective was to obtain permission for a multi-centre research project. The study of neonatal care in different types of unit (regional, subregional and district), required that four health authorities were approached in each of six widely separated health regions in England. Data were collected and compared concerning aspects of processing, including application forms, information required, timing and decision-making. The (...)
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  46.  46
    Being-towards-God: Heidegger and the Relationship Between Man and God in Muslim Ritual Prayer.Matthew A. Macdonald - 2012 - Journal of Islamic Philosophy 8:24-44.
  47. Knowledge Norms.Matthew A. Benton - 2014 - Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy:nn-nn.
    Encyclopedia entry covering the growing literature on the Knowledge Norm of Assertion (and its rivals), the Knowledge Norm of Action (and pragmatic encroachment), the Knowledge Norm of Belief, and the Knowledge Norm of Disagreement.
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  48.  45
    Vox Populi?Matthew A. Lavery - 2004 - International Journal of Applied Philosophy 18 (1):53-68.
    In examining Randy Cohen, an ethical advice giver for The New York Times Magazine, this article traces out special concerns of “applied philosophers” including: dissemination of ideas through a media, disparity of public understanding of philosophical (particularly ethical) issues and the contributions to these issues by specific people, and, of course, money. It skips the question of whether or not what Cohen does is philosophy in favor of examining how whatever he does is like the philosophy that philosophers often claim (...)
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  49.  15
    What Is at Stake in the Debate over Presumptions in the Just War Tradition.Matthew A. Shadle - 2012 - Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics 32 (2):133-152.
    The debate over whether the just war theory begins with a "presumption against violence" has raged among Christian ethicists for more than thirty years. One camp argues that the theory begins with a presumption against violence that can be overridden in exceptional circumstances. The other camp claims that the just war tradition instead begins with a presumption against injustice. A careful analysis of the debate, however, reveals that the term "presumption against violence" has been used in three different ways, and (...)
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  50. Expert Opinion and Second‐Hand Knowledge.Matthew A. Benton - 2016 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 92 (2):492-508.
    Expert testimony figures in recent debates over how best to understand the norm of assertion and the domain-specific epistemic expectations placed on testifiers. Cases of experts asserting with only isolated second-hand knowledge (Lackey 2011, 2013) have been used to shed light on whether knowledge is sufficient for epistemically permissible assertion. I argue that relying on such cases of expert testimony introduces several problems concerning how we understand expert knowledge, and the sharing of such knowledge through testimony. Refinements are needed to (...)
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